Weight Loss (Reducing) Diet Food Selection Guide

Foods Allowed for a Healthy Weight Loss (Reducing) Diet

Carbohydrate-rich Foods

• Unrefined cereals 

• Unpolished rice 

• Whole wheat bread

• Corn 

• Root crops

Note: Eat within the allowed number of exchanges

Protein-rich Foods

For Vegetarians

• Preferably legumes, nuts, grains

For Non-Vegetarians

• Fish, poultry, veal

Vegetables

• All, preferably leafy and watery vegetables like sweet potato (camote) tops, swamp cabbage (kangkong), spinach, cabbage, cucumber, eggplant, radish, horse radish (malunggay) leaves, Chinese cabbage (pechay), mustard, chayote, green papaya, sponge gourd (patola), bamboo shoots, tomatoes, parsley, broccoli, lettuce, bottle gourd (upo).

Fruits

• All, within the allowance

Beverages

• Unsweetened juices

• Low fat milk

Desserts

• Fresh fruits for desserts

Fat-rich Foods

• Vegetable oil just enough for frying and sautéing

Foods NOT Allowed

Carbohydrate-rich Foods

• Sweet baked products 

• Sweetened cereals 

• Sweetened root crops 

• Excess of allowance

Protein-rich Foods

• Pork and fatty meats

Fruits and vegetables

• None

Beverages

• Soft drinks 

• Chocolate drinks 

• Milk shakes 

• Alcoholic beverages

• Sweetened juices 

• Coffee, tea

Desserts

• Cakes 

• Pies 

• Ice cream 

• Candies, chocolates 

• Icing 

• Sweetened desserts 

• Sweet preserves 

• Canned fruits 

• Native cakes

Fat-rich Foods

• Animal fats 

• Lard, butter 

• Animal skin 

• French fries 

• Fried chips 

• Animal skin cracker (chicharon)

Note: For more Tips on Healthy Weight Loss (Reducing) Diet See Weight Loss (Reducing) Diet and Tips

 

Reference: Healing Wonders of Diet Effective Guide to Diet Therapy p.140 © 2003 Philippine Publishing House ISBN 971-581-013-6

Low-Salt Diet Food Selection Guide

Foods Allowed for a Healthy Low-Salt Diet

All Fresh Foods

• Fruits

• Vegetables, salad or cooked with little salt

• Protein-rich foods cooked with little table salt

Note: Maximum allowance is ½ teaspoon table salt per day

Foods NOT Allowed

Instant Foods

• Noodles, pasta, entrée, cereals

Table Salt

• Iodized salt, garlic salt, onion salt (unless computed)

Sauces

• Fish sauce (patis), Soy sauce (toyo)

• Small fish, salted and fermented (bagoong na isda), small shrimp (alamang) sauce

• Barbecue sauce, catsup, oyster sauce

Processed, Salted, Smoked, Canned Foods

• Big dried salted fish usually cut in half (daing), small dried salted fish (tuyo), anchovy (dilis), smoked fish (tinapa)

• Sausage (longanisa), tocino, bacon, ham, luncheon meats (processed and cured meats)

• Salted eggs

• Canned soups, packed soups

• Commercially-frozen lima beans, peas, hominy (binatog)

• Pickles

• Pickled papaya (atsara)

• Cheese

• Sauerkraut

Leavening Sodium

• Baking soda, baking powder

Seasoning

• Monosodium Glutamate (MSG)

• Seasoning flavors like beef, chicken, shrimp, pork 

• Bouillon cubes 

• Liquid seasoning

Commercial Chips, Crackers, Salted Seeds and Nuts

Note: For more Tips on a Healthy Low-Salt Diet See Low-Salt Diet

Reference: Healing Wonders of Diet Effective Guide to Diet Therapy p.133 © 2003 Philippine Publishing House ISBN 971-581-013-6

Low-Purine Diet Food Selection Guide

Foods Allowed for a Healthy Low-Purine Diet

Protein-rich Foods

For Vegetarians

• 1-2 servings daily
• Beans and grains to maximum of 1/2 cup daily

For  Non-Vegetarians

• Fish with fins and scales without internal organs

Carbohydrate-rich Foods

• All rice, bread and cereals

Vegetables

• All

Fruits

• All, preferably fresh and raw, possibly with skin and membrane

Fat-rich Foods

• In moderation

Beverages

• Fruit juices 

• Nonfat or skim milk

• Fruit shakes in low-fat diet

• Soymilk

Note: When computation does not exceed requirement, milk may be added in fruit juices or shakes. Ask your dietitian for advice.

(For Particular Amount of Purine in Foods See Purine in Foods)

Foods NOT Allowed

Protein-rich Foods

• Internal organs like heart, kidney, liver, brain

• Fatty meats like pork, ham, bacon 

• Anchovy (dilis), herring, mackerel, sardines, scallop

Carbohydrate-rich Foods

• None

Vegetables and Fruits

• None

Fat-rich Foods

• In excess

Beverages

• Coffee, tea 

• Alcoholic Beverages like beer, liquor, wine, fermented coconut water (lambanog)

Note: For more Tips on Healthy Low-Purine Diet See Low-Purine Diet

Reference: Healing Wonders of Diet Effective Guide to Diet Therapy p.129 © 2003 Philippine Publishing House ISBN 971-581-013-6

Low Fat Diet Food Selection Guide

Foods Allowed for a Healthy Low-Fat Diet

Protein-rich Foods

For Vegetarians

• Legumes, grains, nuts, cooked with little or without fat
• Hard-boiled egg
• Skim or nonfat milk

Note: Use whole or evaporated cow's milk in moderation


For Non-Vegetarians

• Fish without skin and fat, cooked with little or no oil

Carbohydrate-rich Foods

• All, except restricted foods

Vegetables

• All, cooked with little or without fat

Fruits

• All, except avocado

Fat-rich Foods

• Vegetable oil in allowed amounts only (just enough for once-in-a-while frying and sautéing

Soups

• Clear, fat free low-fat soup

Beverages

• Fruit juices

• Soymilk, nonfat or skim milk

Desserts/Sweets

• Gelatin

• Fruit juices

• Dietary sherbet

• Angel cake, sponge cake, pudding made of skim milk instead of fresh or whole milk

Foods NOT Allowed

Protein-rich Foods

• Meat and poultry with visible fat

• Meat and poultry skin

• Egg (fried, omelet)

• Cream cheese

• Carabao’s milk, condensed milk

Carbohydrate-rich Foods

• Rich bread with added fat

Vegetables

• Buttered or creamed

• Salads with rich dressings

Fruits

• Avocado

• Salads with rich dressings

Fat-rich Foods

• Mayonnaise, butter, oil, margarine, cream

• Bacon, animal skin cracker (chicharon)

• Fried chips, French fries

• Other fried foods

Soups

• Cream soup

• Bone marrow preparation (bulalo)

Beverages

• Coffee, caffeinated, alcoholic beverages, wine

• Soda beverages as soft drinks

• Whole milk, full cream milk

• Milk shakes, chocolate drinks, malted milk

Desserts/Sweets/Salad

• Rich cakes

• Pies, pastries, cookies

• Butter and cream icings

• Doughnuts, deep-fried pastries

• Candied custard (yema), eggyolk/milk custard (leche flan)

• Dessert with coconut milk

• Salads with mayonnaise and cream

Note: For more Tips on Healthy Low Fat Diet See Low Fat Diet

Reference: Healing Wonders of Diet Effective Guide to Diet Therapy p.123 © 2003 Philippine Publishing House ISBN 971-581-013-6

Low-Cholesterol Diet Food Selection Guide

Foods Allowed for a Healthy Low-Cholesterol Diet

Protein-rich Foods


For Vegetarians

• All plant protein such as grains, legumes, nuts, gluten, vegemeat and other vegetarian products
• Egg whites 
• Cottage cheese
• Skim or nonfat milk

For Non-Vegetarians

• Fish cooked without internal organs 

Carbohydrate-rich Foods

• All rice, cereal, noodles, pasta like spaghetti and macaroni prepared without butter 

• Flour or pastry made in vegetable oil or shortening

Fruits

• All, preferably raw and when possible with seeds, skin and membrane

Vegetables

• All, leafy and watery, and those preferably fresh

Fat-rich Foods

• Vegetable oil only in moderation 

• Avocado

• Coconut meat 

• Nuts

Beverages

• All fresh fruits or commercial juices 

• Shakes using skim milk or low fat milk 

• Soymilk

Others

• Baked products using vegetable shortening, skim milk and without eggs

(For the Amount of Cholesterol Content in Foods See Cholesterol in Foods)

Foods NOT Allowed

Protein-rich Foods

• Pork, luncheon meat, cold cuts, hotdogs, meat sausage, bacon, meat loaf 

• Commercial ground beef, hamburger, corned beef 

• Shellfish including shrimp, prawn, lobster, scallop, clam, crab 

• Internal organs like heart, liver, kidney, brain, sweetbreads, fish roe or eggs including caviar 

• Meat with visible fat and or skin 

• Egg yolk 

• Hard cheese 

• Whole milk, fresh milk, cream, ice cream

Carbohydrate-rich Foods

• None

Fruits and Vegetables

• None

Fat-rich Foods

• Animal fat, lard, vegetable lard, butter, hydrogenated margarine and shortenings 

• Pork, suet (hard fat surrounding the kidneys and loins of cattle and sheep, used in cooking), bacon, meat drippings, gravies, and cream sauces

Beverages

• Alcoholic beverages, beer, liquor, wine 

• Tea, coffee 

• Cola drinks 

• Milk shakes

Others

• Chocolates, cookies

• Rich cakes, commercial cakes, pudding, eggyolk/milk custard (leche flan), pies

Note: For more Tips on Healthy Low-Cholesterol Diet See Low-Cholesterol Diet

Reference: Healing Wonders of Diet Effective Guide to Diet Therapy p.119 © 2003 Philippine Publishing House ISBN 971-581-013-6

High-Protein Diet Food Selection Guide

Foods Allowed for a Healthy High-Protein Diet

Protein-rich Foods

For Vegetarians

• All legumes preferably those with skin and membrane
• Vegetarian meat alternatives like hard soybean cheese/curd (tokwa), gluten, vegemeat, vegesausage

Note: To have complete protein, combine legumes or beans + cereals or other protein-rich foods like milk and egg

For Non-Vegetarians

• All fish, preferably those with scales and fins
• Lean meat, preferably beef, poultry, veal

Carbohydrates

• All, preferably complex and unrefined

Fruits

• All, preferably with seeds, akin, and membrane

Vegetables

• All, preferably fresh with seeds and membrane 

• Dark green leafy and yellow vegetables

Fat-rich Foods

• Vegetable oil (sesame and nut oils)

Beverages

• Fresh fruit juices 

• Whole milk, skim milk, soymilk 

• High-protein (formula) drinks

Desserts

• Geerlig’s cheese (taho) 

• Gelatin 

• Candied beans 

• Sweetened legumes 

• Peanut brittle

Foods NOT Allowed

Protein-rich Foods

• None

Carbohydrates

• None

Fruits and Vegetables

• None

Fat-rich Foods

• Animal fat

Beverages

• Coffee, tea 

• Cola drinks 

• Alcoholic beverages

Note: For more Tips on Healthy High-Protein Diet See High-Protein Diet

Reference: Healing Wonders of Diet Effective Guide to Diet Therapy p.112 © 2003 Philippine Publishing House ISBN 971-581-013-6

High-Fiber Diet Food Selection Guide

Foods Allowed for a Healthy High-Fiber Diet

Protein-rich Foods

• All, use hard soybean cheese/curd (tokwa), legumes and nuts more than meats

Vegetables

• All, increase consumption of leafy vegetables like horse radish (malunggay) leaves, sweet potato (camote) tops/leaves, string beans, swamp cabbage (kangkong), spinach, cabbage, Chinese cabbage (pechay), etc. include stems, stalks, and leaves when possible

Carbohydrate-rich Foods

• All, grains and cereals, preferably unrefined. Others should be whole, with skin, seeds and membrane when possible

Fruits

• All, papaya, pineapple, oranges (preferably with pulp and inner skin)

Juices

• Prune juice, papaya juice

• All fruit juices that are freshly prepared; Include pulp

Foods NOT Allowed

Protein-rich Foods

• None

Vegetables

• None

Fruits

• For constipation, avoid banana, apple, star apple (kaimito) and sapodilla (chico)

Note: For more Tips on Healthy High-Fiber Diet See High-Fiber Diet

Reference: Healing Wonders of Diet Effective Guide to Diet Therapy p.108 © 2003 Philippine Publishing House ISBN 971-581-013-6

High-Calorie Diet Food Selection Guide

Foods Allowed for a Healthy High-Calorie Diet

Carbohydrate-rich Foods

• All root crops with skin, seeds and membrane if possible 

• Rice, cereals, noodles, pasta, whole grains

• Any bread

• Cakes, pastries, native rice cakes

Protein-rich Foods

• Legumes (beans), vegetarian meat alternatives, nuts, dairy products

Vegetables

• All, if possible those with seeds, skin and membrane

Fruits

• All, preferably those with skin and membrane

Beverages

• Concentrated (lesser water proportion)

Desserts

• All

Foods NOT Allowed

Carbohydrate-rich Foods

• Excessive amounts of sweets (especially when taken between meals)

Protein-rich Foods

• Fatty meats and internal organs

Fruits and Vegetables

• None

Beverages

• Coffee, tea, alcoholic beverages and cola drinks

Desserts

• None

Note: For more Tips on Healthy High-Calorie Diet See High-Calorie Diet (Gaining Weight Diet)

Reference: Healing Wonders of Diet Effective Guide to Diet Therapy p.104 © 2003 Philippine Publishing House ISBN 971-581-013-6

Diabetic Diet Food Selection Guide

Foods Allowed for a Healthy Diabetic Diet

Carbohydrate-rich Foods

• Unrefined cereals, whole grains (unpolished rice, whole wheat bread)

• Corn

• Root crops

• Boiled cooking banana (saba)

• Noodles, pasta

Protein-rich Foods

For Vegetarians

• Preferably nuts, legumes, vegetarian products (vegemeat, vegesausage, hard soybean cheese (tokwa), gluten, etc.)

For Non-Vegetarians

• Preferably fish with scales and fins

Vegetables

• All

• Leafy and watery vegetables may be eaten as desired

Fruits

• All, preferably fresh and with skin (3 servings per day is ideal)

Beverages

• 1 cup (1 exchange of milk a day)

Desserts

• Fresh fruits

Fat-rich Foods

• Vegetable oil used in food preparation only

Foods NOT Allowed

Carbohydrate-rich Foods

• Sweetened cereals

• Sweetened root crops

• Sweetened baked products

Protein-rich Foods

• Pork

• Fatty meats

• Animal skin

• Internal organs

Fruits

• Canned fruits

• Sweetened fruits 

• Sweetened dried foods 

• Sweetened fruit juices

Beverages

• Soft drinks 

• Sweetened and instant juices

• Milk shakes, chocolate drinks 

• Coffee, tea 

• Alcoholic beverages

Desserts

• Cakes, ice creams, icing, pudding, sweet preserves, chocolates, candies, native rice cakes

Fat-rich Foods

• Animal fat

Note: For more Tips on Healthy Diabetic Diet See Diabetic Diet (Calculated Diet)

Reference: Healing Wonders of Diet Effective Guide to Diet Therapy p.98 © 2003 Philippine Publishing House ISBN 971-581-013-6

Constipating Diet Food Selection Guide

Foods Allowed for a Healthy Constipating Diet 

Protein-rich Foods

For Vegetarians

• Vegetarian products like vegemeat, vegesausage, hard soybean cheese (tokwa)

For Non-Vegetarians

• Fish, lean meat(baked, boiled well with little or no oil)
• Hard-boiled egg

Carbohydrates

• White bread 

• Polished rice 

• Noodles, pasta

Fruits and Vegetables

• Banana, apple, star apple 

• Low-cellular vegetables like chayote, carrots, bottle gourd (upo) without seeds (for mild diarrhea cases only)

Beverages

• Apple juice 

• Clear strained fruit juices 

• Orange juice 

• Gatorade

Desserts

• Plain jello, plain agar (gulaman) and any dessert, preferably with no milk or fat

Foods NOT Allowed

Protein-rich Foods

• Fatty meat

• Raw or half-cooked fish or meat

• Legumes and nuts

Vegetables

• Leafy vegetables

Fruits

• Papaya, pineapple, orange (with skin and pulp)

Beverages

• Prune juice 

• Alcoholic beverages

Dairy products

• Whole milk, butter milk and milk products

Desserts

• Cakes, pastries, cookies 

• Fried desserts such as banana cue, sweet potato (camote) cue, fried wrapped banana preparation (turon)

Note: For more Tips on Healthy Constipating Diet See Constipating Diet (Anti-Diarrhea Diet)

Reference: Healing Wonders of Diet Effective Guide to Diet Therapy p.94 © 2003 Philippine Publishing House ISBN 971-581-013-6

Balanced Diet Food Selection Guide

Foods Allowed for a Healthy Balanced Diet

Protein-rich Foods

For Vegetarians

• All legumes, preferably with skin and membrane
• Vegetarian meats, like vegemeat, vegesausage, hard soybean cheese (tokwa), gluten
• Nuts

For Non-Vegetarians

• All fish, preferably those with scales and fins
• Lean meat, preferably beef, poultry, veal

 Carbohydrates

• All Cereals and grains, preferably unrefined

• Tubers or root crops

• Noodles, pasta

Fruits

• All, preferably fresh with skin and membrane

Vegetables

• All, preferably fresh with seed and membrane

• Dark green leafy and yellow vegetables

Fat-rich Foods

• Vegetables oil (seed and nut oil)

Beverages

• Fresh fruit juices 

• Whole milk, skim milk, soymilk 

Foods NOT Allowed

Protein-rich Foods

• Pork

• Shellfish 

• Internal organs

Fat-rich Foods

• Animal fat

Beverages

• Coffee, tea 

• Cola drinks 

• Alcoholic beverages

Note: For more Tips on a Healthy Balanced Diet See Balanced Diet

Reference: Healing Wonders of Diet Effective Guide to Diet Therapy p.82 © 2003 Philippine Publishing House ISBN 971-581-013-6

Diabetic Diet (Calculated Diet)

A diabetic diet is basically a balanced diet measured to provide the number of exchanges or servings based on the individual’s caloric requirement. Serving sizes are dictated by the Food Exchange List. Not only the amount but the kind of foods and regularity of meals are considered. Concentrated sweets and simple carbohydrates are avoided.

The diabetic diet is high in fiber and low in fat. A diet therapy for diabetes.

Some Tips for a Diabetic Diet

• Consult a licensed nutritionist-dietitian for your specific nutrient needs.

• Ask for a calculated diet plan.

• Plan, experiment, and present your diet plan to a licensed nutritionist-dietitian for approval

• Do not eat too much or too little.

• Avoid sugar and high-sugar containing food items such as candies, sweets, soft drinks, rich desserts, chocolates, sweetened juices, ice creams, cakes.

• Eat a heavy breakfast, moderate lunch and a light supper. This is recommended unless prescribed otherwise by your doctor. Sometimes snacks are prescribed depending on medication or insulin injection.

• Eat regularly.

• Increase your fiber intake by including a generous amount of leafy vegetables daily in your diet. See High-Fiber Diet.

• Use legumes and whole grains more than processed meat alternatives. They will help increase dietary fiber and contain no cholesterol.

• Limit fruits to 3 exchanges per day. The fresher the better. Processing and refining make natural sugars in fruits more readily absorbable which may lead to rapid rise in blood sugar.

• Drink a cup of low fat milk a day.

• Avoid coffee, tea, alcoholic beverages, including wine and liquor.

• Drink 6 to 8 (at least) glasses of water a day in between meals. See The Importance of Water.

• Apply low-salt diet and low fat diet , and low-cholesterol diet suggestions. Diabetes may lead to hypertension and hypercholesterolemia when uncontrolled.

• Enjoy your meals. Your attitude counts a lot in the management of your blood sugar.

• Understand, follow and be comfortable with your diet plan. Your diet may have to be guided by a plan for the rest of your life.

• Monitor and record your weight and blood sugar.

• Give good attention to your diet, attitude, medication, and physical activity (exercise). Control of blood sugar is better when these things are well-balanced. 

Note: For List of Foods which are Allowed and Not Allowed for a Healthy Diabetic Diet See Diabetic Diet Food Selection Guide



Reference: Healing Wonders of Diet Effective Guide to Diet Therapy p.95 & 96 © 2003 Philippine Publishing House ISBN 971-581-013-6

Mechanical Soft Diet

A mechanical soft diet is a diet that follows the principle of the balanced diet but includes only foods that are easy to chew and swallow. This diet is prescribed to persons with chewing difficulty or disability. Depending on the patient’s tolerance, food is broken down to smaller particles by mechanical means such as grinding, mashing, chopping, and pureeing.


This diet therapy is given to person having dental caries, dental extraction, and poor dentition.

Some Tips for a Mechanical Soft Diet

• Choose foods that could be mashed, ground, chopped, pureed or blended.

• Cook rice and other cereals until soft.

• Work with clean hands, equipment, utensils and containers to minimize contamination and spoilage.

 

Foods Allowed for Mechanical Soft Diet

Carbohydrate-rich Foods

• Soft rice (if tolerable to patient)

• Oats

• Rice gruel (lugaw)

• Mashed potato, mashed sweet potato (camote), mashed cooking banana (saba)

• Soft bread

• Soft cookies

Protein-rich Foods

For Vegetarians

• Well-done legumes cooked with broth

• Chopped or ground vegetarian products

For Non-Vegetarians

• All well-cooked chopped, flaked or ground lean meat and fish

• Flaked fish

• Poached egg

Vegetables

• Diced string or Baguio beans

• Diced chayote, carrots

• Mashed squash

• Well-cooked eggplant

Fruits

• All soft fruits

• Crispy fruits which can be scraped like apple, pear

• Any fruits blended

Beverages

• Fruits juices, milk, fruit shakes, milk shakes

 

Foods Not Allowed

Carbohydrate-rich Foods

• Hard-cooked rice and cereals

• Hard crackers

Protein-rich foods

• Tendons, ligaments

Vegetables

• Raw or half-cooked

Fruits

• Hard

Beverages

• Alcoholic beverages, coffee, tea and cola drinks

Reference: Healing Wonders of Diet Effective Guide to Diet Therapy p.134 & 136 © 2003 Philippine Publishing House ISBN 971-581-013-6

Cold Liquid Diet (Tonsil Diet)

A cold liquid diet is any liquid that could be served cold or iced. This diet aims at bringing relief to fresh mouth sores or surgery. See dental extraction.


The cold liquid diet is not nutritionally adequate. This diet is usually prescribed to patients for not more than 2 days.

Some Tips for a Cold Liquid Diet

• Shift to mechanical soft diet gradually subsisting on cold liquids and intravenous fluid.

• Plan and choose liquids that are good sources of protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals.

 

Foods Allowed for Cold Liquid Diet

Fruits/Juices (cold or iced)

• Fresh fruit juices

• Commercial fruit juices

• Blended fresh juices

• Fruit shakes

Milk

• All, chilled

• Dairy or non-dairy yogurt, chilled

Rice or Substitute

• Cold, thin rice gruel (lugaw) or cereal

• Cold thin oatmeal with creamer and sugar

• Cold thin white fine wheat noodles (misua) soup

• Any cold thin soup

Desserts

• Plain ice cream

• Popsies

• Plain sherbet

• Cold soft custard

• Cold jello or gelatin

• Cold Geerlig’s cheese (taho)

 
Foods Not Allowed

• All solid, hard, and hot foods

Beverages

• All hot beverages

• Wine and alcoholic beverages

• Tea, coffee

• Strong flavored fruit juices

Note: Homemade desserts are preferable. You may use little honey instead of sugar.

Reference: Healing Wonders of Diet Effective Guide to Diet Therapy p.89 & 91 © 2003 Philippine Publishing House ISBN 971-581-013-6

Full Liquid Diet (General Liquid Diet, Medical Liquid Diet)

A full liquid diet is a more liberal diet than clear liquid diet, which allows only foods in liquid form or those which readily become liquid at body temperature. The diet, if planned carefully, may supply a good amount of essential nutrients.


This dietary management is good for gastritis.

Some Tips for a Full Liquid Diet

• Do not give this diet for a long period of time. Doctors usually prescribe this transitory diet to patients for not more than 2 days.

• Plan and choose liquids that are good sources of protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals. Read labels of commercially-prepared liquid foods.

• Use bended straw for convenience.

• Administer this diet in small frequent feedings.

• Avoid coffee, tea, alcoholic beverages and soda drinks.

Foods Allowed for Full Liquid Diet

Juices

• Fresh fruit juices

• Blended fresh fruits

• Commercial fruit juices

• All fruit shakes

Milk

• All, dairy products, yogurt

• Soymilk

Rice or Rice Substitute

• Thin cereal or rice gruel (lugaw)

• Thin oatmeal with creamer

• Cornstarch

Soups

• Thin soup (cream, strained, etc.)

Meat or Meat Substitute

• Thin blended mung bean (mongo) or any legume

• Geerlig’s cheese (taho)

Fat-rich Foods

• Cream (liquid or melted)

Sugar

• Honey or brown sugar

Desserts

(preferably homemade, low in sugar)

• Jello, plain gelatin, agar (gulaman)

• Ice cream

• Soft custard

• Plain pudding

• Geerlig’s cheese (taho)

Foods Not Allowed

Solid Foods

• All

Beverages

• Wine and alcoholic beverages

• Tea, coffee

Reference: Healing Wonders of Diet Effective Guide to Diet Therapy p.99 & 101 © 2003 Philippine Publishing House ISBN 971-581-013-6

Clear Liquid Diet

The clear liquid diet allows foods that have no/low residue and fat. This is nutritionally inadequate and should not be given for more than 2 days unless ordered by the doctor. This diet is usually prescribed together with nutrient supplements.

The diet aims to prevent dehydration or, for some reasons, to clear the gastrointestinal tract. This dietary management is good for Loose Bowel Movement (LBM), Vomiting, Hepatitis.

Some Tips for a Clear Liquid Diet

• Give clear liquids as often as possible to prevent dehydration and to help increase calorie intake. Allow a feeding interval of 2 to 3 hours.

• Drink a variety of clear liquids like clear or strained juices, jello, and fat-free broth.

• Add salt and or sugar to the clear liquids to increase electrolytes and or calories.

 

Foods Allowed for Clear liquid Diet

Desserts/Sweets

• Gelatin

• Jello

Beverages

• Ginger ale

• Lemon-flavored soda

• Any clear juices or strained fruit juices (synthetic fruit juices)

• Strained rice and soy coffee

• Gatorade

Soups

• Clear fat-free broth

 

Foods Not Allowed

Solid Foods

• All

Beverages

• Milk and milk products

• Fruit shakes

Soups

• Soup cooked with fat and cream

 

Reference: Healing Wonders of Diet Effective Guide to Diet Therapy p.86 & 88 © 2003 Philippine Publishing House ISBN 971-581-013-6

Low-Protein Diet

A low-protein diet allows a minimal amount of dietary protein which ranges from 20 to 40 grams per day. Aside from milk, meat, eggs, fish, legumes and nuts, rice, other carbohydrate-rich foods and vegetables contain some protein. Consider these in diet planning.


This dietary management is good for Glomerulonephritis, Kidney Stone Formation, Renal Failure.

Some Tips for a Low-protein Diet

• Limit protein-rich food to 1 to 2 exchanges or standard servings per day. Although small in quantity, the dietary protein should be of good quality (of high biological value).

• Limit liquid milk to ½ cup or 2-leveled-teaspoons of powdered milk per day.

• Eat fruits rather than rich desserts and baked products with milk and eggs.

• Drink fruit juices rather than milk and other milk products. Avoid chocolate drink.

 

Foods Allowed for Low-protein Diet

Carbohydrate-rich Foods

• All, in allowed amounts

• 8 to 15exchanges or servings only

Protein-rich Foods

• 1 to 2 exchanges or servings per day

Fat-rich Foods

• All cooking oils

• Butter, margarine

Fruits and Vegetables

• All

Beverages

• Fruit juices

Desserts/Sweets

• Dressings

• Sweetened foods like sweetened: cooking banana, sweet potato, sugar palm, cassava

 

Foods Not Allowed

Fat-rich Foods

• Nuts

• Seeds like salted watermelon seeds

Beverages

• Milk shake, malted milk, chocolate drinks (unless computed)

Desserts/Sweets

• Cakes, chocolates, ice cream, pudding, cookies, yogurt

• Those with milk, eggs, and nuts (unless computed)

 

Reference: Healing Wonders of Diet Effective Guide to Diet Therapy p.125-126 © 2003 Philippine Publishing House ISBN 971-581-013-6

Bland Diet (CAP-Free Diet)

A bland diet provides foods that are not irritating to the digestive tract and do not increase acid production in the stomach.

CAP stands for: C = Caffeine; A = Alcohol; P = Pepper

Stimulating foods containing CAP are to be avoided. This dietary management is good for Gingivitis, Gastritis, Peptic Ulcer, Gallstone Formation, Gallbladder Inflammation, Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack).

Some Tips for a Bland Diet

• Avoid foods that have caffeine, alcohol, and pepper.

• Eat regularly.

• Eat in a relaxed manner.

• Manage stress! It can overly increase gastric secretion.

• Observe your tolerance for eating. Since food effects vary from one person to another, master your digestive system. Fresh fruits and vegetables, whole cereals, nuts, and grains may negatively affect some patients.

• Avoid spicy foods like instant noodles, chips, spicy nuts, sauces, and fatty foods. They can cause discomfort and irritation.

Foods Allowed for Bland Diet

Protein-rich Foods

For Vegetarians

• All legumes, well-cooked

• Vegetarian meats, like hard soybean cheese/curd, gluten, vegemeat, vegesausage

For Non-Vegetarians

• All fish, preferably those with scales and fins

• Lean meat, preferably beef, poultry, and veal

Fat-rich Foods

• Vegetable oil (seed and nut oils)

Carbohydrates

• All cereals and grains, preferably unrefined, if tolerated

• Tubes or root crops

• Noodles, pasta

Fruits

• All

Vegetables

• All, especially dark green leafy and yellow vegetables

Beverages

• Juices (not too sour)

• Whole milk, skim milk, soymilk

Non-irritating Spices

• Basil                           

• Bay leaf

• Coriander

• Dill weed and seed

• Fennel seed

• Marjoram

• Mint

• Oregano

• Paprika

• Parsley

• Rosemary

• Sage

• Saffron

• Tarragon

• Thyme

• Turmeric

Foods Not Allowed

Fat-rich Foods

• Animal fat

Beverages

• Coffee, Tea

• Cola Drinks

• Alcoholic Beverages

• Cocoa

Sweets/Desserts

• Chocolates

Use Sparingly

• All spices

• Anise

• Cinnamon

• Cumin

• Nutmeg

Irritating Spices

• Black Pepper

• Chili Pepper

• Cayenne

• Cloves

• Ginger

• Horse Radish

• Hungarian Paprika

• Mustard

 

Note: Know the irritating spices and substitute them with non-irritating ones.

Reference: Healing Wonders of Diet Effective Guide to Diet Therapy p.83 & 85 © 2003 Philippine Publishing House ISBN 971-581-013-6

Soft Diet

Soft diet allows fruits and vegetables with low-cellulose content as well as fish and meat with no or very little connective tissues. This diet aims to reduce the work load of the digestive system. Proper food selection will provide both the person’s needs together with the rest of the digestive system’s needs.


This dietary management is good for Gastritis, Hepatitis, Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack).

Some Tips for a Soft Diet

• Choose fruits low in cellulose content like banana and apple.

• Choose vegetables low in cellulose content like chayote, carrots, green papaya, bottle gourd, and squash preferably without skin and seeds.

• Choose fish and meat with no tough connective tissues.

• Choose polished rice and white bread rather than whole grain cereals.

• Avoid foods that have caffeine, alcohol, and pepper.

• Avoid spicy foods like instant noodles, chips, spicy nuts, sauces, and fatty foods. They can cause discomfort and irritation.

• Observe your tolerance for eating. Since food effects vary from one person to another, master your digestive system. Fresh fruits and vegetables, whole cereals, nuts, and grains may negatively affect some patients. 

Foods Allowed for Soft Diet

Carbohydrate-rich Foods

• White or Polished Rice
• White Bread
• Crackers
• Noodles
• Pastries
• Root Crops like Potato
• Oatmeal
• Dry Cereals

Protein-rich Foods

For vegetarians

• Hard/Soft Soybean Cheese
• Gluten
• Vegetarian Products
• Cooked Legumes and nuts

For non-vegetarians

• Meat and Fish without tendons and ligaments

Vegetables

• Chayote
• Carrots
• Bottle Gourd
• Squash
• Eggplants
• Radish
• Cucumber

Fruits

• All, (preferably soft) without skin or seeds 

Reference: Healing Wonders of Diet Effective Guide to Diet Therapy p.141 & 143 © 2003 Philippine Publishing House ISBN 971-581-013-6